In the field of agricultural machinery, combine harvesters occupy a very important position. This article will introduce the possible damage and preventive measures of the five working parts of the combine harvester, such as the header, transmission belt, and feeding chamber. I hope it can help you do a good job in the daily maintenance of the combine harvester.
As one of the key working parts of the machine tool, the header has a high probability of problems due to high operation requirements and high frequency of use. Then, the damage that may occur to the header parts in daily life includes abnormal wear of the cutter blade and guide sleeve, and blade breakage, and these damages can be reduced only by simple maintenance by the agricultural machine operator.
Before operation, the agricultural machine operator needs to put the cutter swing arm in the correct position to avoid collision between the cutter head and the cutter guide bush. In addition, the clearance of the blade presser also needs to be adjusted to a reasonable position, and a small amount of engine oil can be applied to the knife rod during daily maintenance.
As for component wear, parts such as telescopic teeth and lever guide sleeves in the working area of the header often experience abnormal wear due to a large amount of dust contaminated by the operation and lack of lubrication, resulting in bending of the telescopic teeth. Therefore, after the work is completed, the agricultural machine operator should clean the parts in time, then add lubricating oil, and replace the severely worn parts in time.
After long-term operation, the walking transmission belt of the combine harvester is easily broken due to poor quality and rubber aging. In this case only replacement is possible. But in addition to these reasons, it may also be broken due to poor mechanical technology of the continuously variable transmission. Generally, it may be that the position of the limit block is incorrect or loose, causing the working stroke of the CVT cylinder to exceed the limit, but the cylinder is not blocked, so it continues to push, causing the conveyor belt to be pulled off. It is also possible that the disc in the middle of the continuously variable transmission pulley is stuck, and a similar situation may cause the belt to break.
Therefore, before starting the engine, the agricultural machine operator must correctly adjust the cylinder stroke of the continuously variable transmission. And regardless of the position of the continuously variable transmission, the tightness of the two transmission belts should remain the same. If the transmission belt is found to be slack during the inspection, it should be stopped in time and then adjusted. In addition, before operation, it is necessary to check whether the middle disc can move flexibly and lubricate it in time.
Another key component that needs to be paid attention to is the swing shaft and the connecting rod. Its function is to convert the power into the driving force for the swing plate and the screen frame to swing back and forth. Therefore, the position of the two bearing seats of the swing shaft is incorrect, which directly affects the operation of the shaker plate and the screen frame. If the position of the oscillating shaft is improper, the wobbling plate may be subjected to deflected moving pressure during operation, resulting in fracture of the oscillating shaft and connecting rod.
Therefore, the positioning of the left and right bearing seats of the swing shaft is very critical. When adjusting the positioning, first loosen the fixing bolts of the bearing seats at both ends, so that they can move freely back and forth. Then cut off the power momentarily while engaging the clutch at low speed, and pay attention to the position where the bearing seat stops slowly. Because this position is the dead point position equal to the left and right in the movement of the shaking plate and the screen frame, at this time, re-tighten the fixing bolts of the bearing seat.
The most common condition that occurs in the feed chamber is a blockage. The cause of the damage may be excessive wear of the chain, sprocket leading to slipping or deflection of the feeding chain, causing the feeding part to block. Remember to adjust the tightness of the chain rake when adjusting the machine tool before operation, and then after the operation, apply oil to the feeding chain to prevent corrosion.
The damage of the jitter plate is mainly due to rust wear, and rust wear will lead to grain leakage. This situation is generally due to rust wear caused by impurities such as wheat husks remaining on it for a long time. Therefore, when the harvesting operation is completed, the operator should remove the shaking plate in time and clean it, and then store it indoors.
